What is c-Myc used for?

The c-Myc gene serves as a “master regulator” of cellular metabolism and proliferation. Since it is activated by a large number of oncogenic pathways and, in turn, stimulates many of the metabolic changes that result in malignant transformation, it is truly “both the chicken and the egg”.

What is the difference between c-Myc and MYC?

Myc and c-myc are the same thing, the normal cellular (hence the c) version of this protein, which can be oncogenic when mutated. The myc tag is a 10-residue sequence derived from c-myc, which is a much larger protein.

Why is MYC difficult target?

Yet, drug development aimed at directly targeting Myc has proved challenging. First, as a transcription factor, Myc lacks a specific active site for small molecules, making it difficult to functionally inhibit its activities using strategies similar to those used for kinases.

What does c-Myc regulate?

C-Myc. C-Myc protein is a member of a family of proteins that regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis. The ability of c-myc to regulate apoptotic cell death results from the coordinated activation of c-Myc and several protein partners (such as Max) that facilitate DNA binding and activate transcription.

What does c-myc positive mean?

c-MYC expression is considered positive when >40% of the lymphoma cells are stained [49]. c-MYC expression detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) does not equate to c-MYC rearrangement. However, there is a correlation between c-MYC expression by IHC and c-MYC gene abnormalities in aggressive B-cell lymphomas [53].

Where is c-myc expressed?

chromosome 8
In the human genome, C-myc is located on chromosome 8 and is believed to regulate expression of 15% of all genes through binding on enhancer box sequences (E-boxes).

What cancers are caused by Myc?

MYC is documented to be involved broadly in many cancers, in which its expression is estimated to be elevated or deregulated in up to 70% of human cancers. High levels of MYC expression have been linked to aggressive human prostate cancer and triple negative breast cancer (Gurel et al., 2008; Palaskas et al., 2011).

Is c-myc a tumor suppressor gene?

Abstract. The tumor suppressor p53 negatively regulates a number of genes, including the proto-oncogene c-Myc, in addition to activating many other genes. One mechanism of the p53-mediated c-Myc repression may involve transcriptional regulation.

What does c-Myc positive mean?

What are myc inhibitors?

c-Myc is a transcription factor that is constitutively and aberrantly expressed in over 70% of human cancers. Its direct inhibition has been shown to trigger rapid tumor regression in mice with only mild and fully reversible side effects, suggesting this to be a viable therapeutic strategy.

Is c-Myc a tumor suppressor gene?

What is triple hit lymphoma?

Triple hit lymphoma is a rare and aggressive large B-cell lymphoma that carries translocations involving MYC, BCL2, and BCL6. Because of its low frequency, a relatively large case series of triple hit lymphomas to better characterize this tumor is not yet available in the literature.

What is double-hit non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Listen to pronunciation. (DUH-bul-hit lim-FOH-muh) A rare, aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma caused by changes in the DNA that affect a gene called the MYC gene and either the BCL2 gene or the BCL6 gene. Double-hit lymphoma may be hard to treat and has a poor prognosis.

How is c-Myc activated?

Myc is activated upon various mitogenic signals such as serum stimulation or by Wnt, Shh and EGF (via the MAPK/ERK pathway). By modifying the expression of its target genes, Myc activation results in numerous biological effects.

What is the c-Myc promoter?

The transcription factor c-Myc is a key regulator of cell proliferation, cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Deregulated c-myc expression possesses a high transformation potential and the proto-oncogene c-myc represents a promising target in anticancer therapy.

What does C-myc positive mean?

What does myc mean in medical terms?

mushroom, fungus
What does myc- mean? Myc- is a combining form used like a prefix meaning “mushroom, fungus.” It is used in many medical and scientific terms, especially in biology—as well as in a branch of biology known as mycology, as we’ll discuss below.

What does C myc gene mean?

Discovery. The Myc family was first established after discovery of homology between an oncogene carried by the Avian virus, Myelocytomatosis (v-myc; P10395) and a human gene over-expressed in various cancers, cellular Myc (c-Myc).

How does myc influence metabolism?

As a growth-promoting transcription factor, MYC stimulates metabolic pathways that support formation of new organelles, particularly ribosomes and mitochondria, which in turn is required for ATP generation and the production of many substrates for cell growth (152).

Is MYC a tumor suppressor gene?

How do Myc inhibitors work?

Small-Molecule MYC Inhibitors Suppress Tumor Growth and Enhance Immunotherapy Small molecules that directly target MYC and are also well tolerated in vivo will provide invaluable chemical probes and potential anti-cancer therapeutic agents.

Do small-molecule Myc inhibitors suppress tumor growth?

We developed a series of small-molecule MYC inhibitors that engage MYC inside cells, disrupt MYC/MAX dimers, and impair MYC-driven gene e … Small-Molecule MYC Inhibitors Suppress Tumor Growth and Enhance Immunotherapy Cancer Cell. 2019 Nov 11;36(5):483-497.e15.doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.10.001. Epub 2019 Oct 31. Authors

What is the difference between the Myc inhibitors 361 and myci975?

The initial lead, MYC inhibitor 361 (MYCi361), suppressed in vivo tumor growth in mice, increased tumor immune cell infiltration, upregulated PD-L1 on tumors, and sensitized tumors to anti-PD1 immunotherapy. However, 361 demonstrated a narrow therapeutic index. An improved analog, MYCi975 showed better tolerability.

What is the difference between MYC-in-2 and 10074-a4?

MYC-IN-2 is a MYC protein-protein inhibitor. MYC-IN-2 can be used for the research of cancer. 10074-A4 is a c-Myc inhibitor. 10074-A4 could bind to c-Myc 370-409 at different sites along the peptide chain. 10074-A4 has anticancer effects.