What are the 4 types of myocardial infarction?

ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) coronary spasm, or unstable angina.

What are the five types of myocardial infarction?

Five Types of MI Will Make Up New Definition

• A primary coronary event, such as plaque rupture or dissection.
• A problem of oxygen supply and demand, such as coronary spasm, coronary embolism, arrhythmia, anemia, or hypotension.

What is Type 3 MI?

Type 3. Type 3 MI continues the concept that there may be an occasional patient who has characteristic symptoms of myocardial ischemia but whose cTn values have not become elevated because the patient succumbs before values are measured or who is stricken by sudden death with evidence of MI by autopsy.

What is Type 1 and Type 2 MI?

Type 1 MI is a primary coronary arterial event attributable to atherothrombotic plaque rupture or erosion. Type 2 MI occurs secondary to an acute imbalance in myocardial oxygen supply and demand without atherothrombosis.

What is a Type 2 myocardial infarction?

Type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) is defined by a rise and fall of cardiac biomarkers and evidence of ischemia without unstable coronary artery disease (CAD), due to a mismatch in myocardial oxygen supply and demand. Myocardial injury is similar but does not meet clinical criteria for MI.

What are types of infarction?

Infarcts can be classified pathogenetically: Arterial: This is caused by obstruction of an artery. Venous: This is caused by obstruction of venous blood outflow. Hypotensive: This is caused by hypoperfusion of tissues by arterial blood that typically occurs in shock and is related to hypotension.

What is a Type 2 MI?

What is STEMI and NSTEMI?

If there is a pattern known as ST-elevation on the EKG, this is called a STEMI, short for ST elevation myocardial infarction. If there is elevation of the blood markers suggesting heart damage, but no ST elevation seen on the EKG tracing, this is known as a NSTEMI.

What is a Type Two MI?

Type 2 MI is defined as “myocardial infarction secondary to ischaemia due to either increased oxygen demand or decreased supply, e.g. coronary artery spasm, coronary embolism, anaemia, arrhythmias, hypertension or hypotension.”

What is the difference between NSTEMI and type 2 MI?

(NSTEMI) is a common diagnosis in hospitalized patients. Type 2 has been reported up to 25% of cases of MI depending on the population studied. Type 2 NSTEMI is defined as myocardial ischemia resulting from mismatched myocardial oxygen supply and demand that is not related to unstable coronary artery disease (CAD).

What is a Type 11 MI?

[1] Type-II MI was defined as MI secondary to ischemia due to either increased oxygen demand or decreased supply caused by conditions as coronary artery spasm, coronary embolism, anemia, arrhythmias, hypertension, or hypotension.

What is a NSTEMI vs STEMI?

NSTEMI is caused by a block in a minor artery or a partial obstruction in a major artery. STEMI occurs when a ruptured plaque blocks a major artery completely.

What is a Type 1 NSTEMI?

• Type I NSTEMI is due to unstable CAD with. atherosclerotic plaque disruption resulting in a. coronary thrombus & subsequent ischemia.

What troponin level indicates NSTEMI?

Exclusion of NSTEMI was defined by a troponin I level less than 6 ng/L (defined as the optimal cutoff in the BACC study) at admission and after 1 hour or at admission and after 3 hours.

Is troponin elevated in NSTEMI?

However, an elevated troponin along with other appropriate clinical and laboratory evidence raises the probability that the diagnosis is NSTEMI. The higher the troponin value, the greater the probability that the final diagnosis will be MI.

Is NSTEMI a Type 1 or Type 2?

Most NSTEMI (65%–90%) are type 1 MI. Patients with type 2 MI have multiple comorbidities and causes of in-hospital mortality among these patients are not always CV-related.

Is type 2 MI and NSTEMI the same?

What is a Type 2 NSTEMI?

Type 2 NSTEMI is defined as myocardial ischemia resulting from mismatched myocardial oxygen supply and demand that is not related to unstable coronary artery disease (CAD).

How can you tell the difference between Type 1 and 2 NSTEMI?

For patients with type 1 MI, the focus is on aggressive antithrombotic therapy and consideration of urgent coronary angiography and revascularization. For patients with type 2 MI, the focus is on treating the extracardiac stressor precipitating the myocardial oxygen supply and demand imbalance.

Does troponin or CK-MB rise first?

The CK-MB rises in the serum at 4–9 h after the onset of chest pain, peaks ~24 h and returns to baseline values at 48–72 h. The one advantage of CK-MB over the troponins is the early clearance that helps in the detection of reinfarction.

What are the two types of mi?

Type 1 MI can be further divided into two classifications: ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).

What is a type 1 mi?

Type 1 Type 1 MI is due to acute coronary atherothrombotic myocardial injury with either plaque rupture or erosion and, often, associated thrombosis. Most patients with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and many with non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) fit into this category.

What is the ICD 10 reclassification of mi?

The reclassification of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) 10 codes in 2017 helped further define the types of MI, yet more work is needed to educate medical professionals on a more useful way of making a bedside clinical diagnosis of MI and prevent medical coding errors.

Which mi categories are applied within 48 hours of the index?

These MI categories that are applied within 48 hours of the index procedure include an elevation of cTn values greater than 5 times the 99th percentile URL in the case of PCI and greater than 10 times the indicated URL in the case of CABG, along with evidence of new myocardial ischemia.