What is a gracilis flap?
What is a gracilis flap?
The gracilis flap is a long strap muscle with a long distal tendon, supplied by a long dominant neurovascular pedicle. The single dominant vascular pedicle includes a sizeable artery (average 1.5 mm internal diameter) and two venae comitantes (average 2.0 mm internal diameter).
What is gracilis used for?
A long and thin muscle, the gracilis provides a reliable workhorse for reconstructive microsurgery. Both for wound coverage, and as a functional muscle transplant, the gracilis has wide reconstructive applicability.
Why gracilis muscle is used for transplantation?
Background. The gracilis muscle has been used often for free functional muscle transplantation (FFMT) because of its long tendinous portion, its reliable vascularity with anatomical consistency, and the location of the nutrient vessels and innervating nerve in the terminal portion.
Who invented flap surgery?
Antonius Branca, and later Gaspare Taglicozzi (1546–1599), formulated and developed the concept of tubed and pedicled flaps. These flaps utilized defined patterns of delay to improve vascularity and reliability of transfer, enabling the transfer of tissue from the upper arm to reconstruct the nose (Figure 2).
What is the origin of the gracilis?
The gracilis muscle originates from the inferior ischiopubic ramus, and body of pubis. The gracilis muscle decends almost vertically down the leg and inserts on the medial tibia at the Pes anserinus. The pes anserinus is also the attachment site of the Sartorius and Semitendinosus.
What is a VRAM flap?
The VRAM flap is a composite myocutaneous flap consisting of three layers: skin, subcutaneous fat, and muscle. Its versatility allows it to be dissected and raised as the following: Muscle-only. Segmental muscle flap with preservation of part of the muscle.
How long is the gracilis muscle?
approximately 25 cm
The gracilis is a long, thin, straplike muscle lying on the medial aspect of the thigh that measures approximately 25 cm in length and 6 cm proximally to 4 cm distally in width.
What is the gracilis muscle?
The gracilis is a long, thin muscle located in the medial compartment of the thigh. It originates on the medial aspect of the ischiopubic ramus and joins with the sartorius and semitendinosus muscle tendons to form the pes anserine, which inserts on the superior medial tibia, medial to the tibial tuberosity.
Who did the first free flap?
– First- free TPFF flap was described by: Robert Allen Smith (USA). First- Pectoralis muscle flap for Breast. 1st- Tubed pedicled flaps.
When was the first free flap?
Using loupe magnification, Morton Kasdan and Harold Kleinert revascularized an amputated thumb in 1963. Yoshio Nakayama and colleagues then completed the first free flap transfer of segments of intestine to the head and neck region in 1964.
Where is the gracilis?
thigh
Gracilis muscle is a long and slender muscle located in the medial (adductor) compartment of the thigh. It forms part of the adductor muscle group together with adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus and pectineus muscles.
What is the insertion of gracilis?
| Gracilis muscle | |
|---|---|
| Origin | ischiopubic ramus |
| Insertion | tibia (pes anserinus) |
| Artery | medial circumflex femoral artery |
| Nerve | anterior branch of obturator nerve |
What is an alt flap?
The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is a versatile flap that may be used for any defect in the body that requires soft tissue reconstruction with skin, fascia, and/or muscle.
What is myocutaneous flap?
Myocutaneous flaps are compound flaps with a solitary vascular supply incorporating skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and the underlying muscle.
What is the honeymoon muscle?
The sartorius muscle (/sɑːrˈtɔːriəs/) is the longest muscle in the human body. It is a long, thin, superficial muscle that runs down the length of the thigh in the anterior compartment.
Why is it named gracilis?
Gracilis is superficial and is easily palpated. Its name comes from the Latin term for “slender.” Injury to the gracilis can cause pain, loss of hip motion, and difficulty with function related to walking.
What is the origin of gracilis?
Gracilis muscle
| Origin | Anterior body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Medial surface of proximal tibia (via pes anserinus) |
| Actions | Hip joint: Thigh flexion, thigh adduction; Knee joint: leg flexion, leg internal rotation |
| Innervation | Obturator nerve (L2-L3) |
Why is it called a free flap?
“Free” implies that the tissue is completely detached from its blood supply at the original location (“donor site”) and then transferred to another location (“recipient site”) and the circulation in the tissue re-established by anastomosis of artery(s) and vein(s).
What is Septocutaneous flap?
Septocutaneous perforators supply the overlying skin by traversing through an intermuscular septum before they pierce the deep fascia. These perforators are cutaneous side branches of muscular vessels and perforators.
What is LD flap?
(luh-TIH-sih-mus DOR-sy …) A type of surgery used to rebuild the shape of the breast after a mastectomy. A muscle in the back called the latissimus dorsi, along with skin, fat, and blood vessels, is moved from the back to the chest to form a new breast mound or to form a pocket for a breast implant.
