What are Th1 and Th2 cells?

Th1 and Th2 cells play an important role in immunity. Th1 cells stimulate cellular immune response, participate in the inhibition of macrophage activation and stimulate B cells to produce IgM, IgG1. Th2 stimulates humoral immune response, promotes B cell proliferation and induces antibody production (IL-4).

What is Th1 Th2?

Th1 cells mainly develop following infections by intracellular bacteria and some viruses, whereas Th2 cells predominate in response to infestations by gastrointestinal nematodes.

What are the role of Th1 and Th2 cells in defense against microbes?

After Th2 cells are present in the respiratory tract, IFN-γ promotes the resolution of airway eosinophilia and suppresses Th2 cytokine production. Th1 cells, through the production of IFN-γ, can inhibit airway eosinophilia, mucus production, and AHR without an increase in airway inflammation.

What is the function of Th2 cells?

Th2 cells mediate the activation and maintenance of the humoral, or antibody-mediated, immune response against extracellular parasites, bacteria, allergens, and toxins. Th2 cells mediate these functions by producing various cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-17E (IL-25).

What cytokines do Th1 and Th2 cells secrete?

The Th phenotypes are characterized by the cytokines they produce. The first Th cell types reported were mouse Th1 and Th2 cells. Mouse Th1 cells were found to secrete IFN-gamma, while Th2 cells secreted IL-4.

What do Th2 cells secrete?

T helper type 2 (Th2) cells are a distinct lineage of CD4+ effector T cell that secretes IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-17E/IL-25. These cells are required for humoral immunity and play an important role in coordinating the immune response to large extracellular pathogens.

What is the role of Th1 cells?

Th1 cells play important roles in the identification and eradication of intracellular pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and Leishmania.

What cytokines do Th1 and Th2 produce?

This subset can be further subdivided into Th1 and Th2, and the cytokines they produce are known as Th1-type cytokines and Th2-type cytokines. Th1-type cytokines tend to produce the proinflammatory responses responsible for killing intracellular parasites and for perpetuating autoimmune responses.

What do Th2 cells produce?

Th2 cells mediate these functions by producing various cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-17E (IL-25). These cytokines are responsible for a strong antibody production, eosinophil activation, and inhibition of several macrophage functions, thus providing phagocyte-independent protective responses.

Why are Th2 cells important?

Th2 cells are involved in type 2 immune responses, which are important for eradication of extracellular parasites and bacterial infection. They produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, which are important for the induction and development of humoral immune responses.